What is the primary function of flaps on an aircraft?

The primary function of flaps on an aircraft is to increase lift and drag for slower flight speeds. Flaps are adjustable surfaces located on the wings that, when extended, change the wing's shape and airflow characteristics. This modification enhances the wing's lift capability at lower velocities, which is particularly useful during critical phases of flight such as take-off and landing.

When flaps are deployed, they increase the curvature of the wing's airfoil. This change allows the aircraft to generate more lift at a given airspeed, enabling it to fly safely at slower speeds without stalling. At the same time, the increase in drag helps to slow the airplane down, allowing for a more controlled descent and approach. This characteristic is crucial during landing, as it allows pilots to maintain a stable approach angle and speed, making it possible to land safely and effectively.

While flaps do play a role in modifying drag, their primary purpose is enhancing lift in low-speed conditions. This capability is what distinguishes the effective use of flaps in various flight maneuvers, emphasizing their importance in aviation safety and performance management.